Understanding Melasma: Causes, Melasma Treatment & Prevention

Melasma is a common skin condition that causes brown patches, usually on the face, and is more prevalent in women than men. In this blog we’ll explore the causes, treatments, and prevention of melasma and cover how to maintain a clear, even complexion.

What is Melasma?

Melasma shows up as dark, discolored patches on the skin; it usually appears on the on the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. However, it can also appear on sun-exposed parts of the body including the forearms and neck.

Causes of Melasma Here are several factors that trigger melasma:

Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun stimulates the pigment-producing skin cells which leads to an overproduction of melanin.
Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy, birth control pills, and hormone replacement therapy can cause melasma.
Genetics: A family history increases your chances of inheriting melasma.
Skin Care Products: Some skin care products that irritate the skin worsen melasma.
Thyroid Disorders: Thyroid problems have been linked to melasma, although the exact connection is not completely understood.

Melasma Treatment

Melasma can be a difficult skin condition to treat but there are several treatments that can help lighten the dark patches and improve skin appearance:

Topical Treatments: Topical creams that have hydroquinone, tretinoin, corticosteroids, or a combination can aid in lightening the skin. Azelaic acid and kojic acid can also be effective melasma treatments.
Chemical Peels: Chemical peels may help remove the top layer of skin, reducing the appearance of melasma.
Microdermabrasion: This procedure helps mildly exfoliate the skin, which can help reduce pigmentation.
Laser and Light Treatments: Fractional lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL) can target pigmentation and improve skin tone.
Oral Medications: In some cases, providers and doctors may prescribe oral medications like tranexamic acid to treat melasma.

Preventing Melasma

Melasma prevention is critical, especially if you are more likely to inherit this skin condition. Here are some tips:

Sun Protection: Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily, even on cloudy days. Wear a wide-brimmed hat and seek shade whenever possible.
Gentle Skin Care: Avoid skin care products that cause irritation. Use gentle cleansers and moisturizers for sensitive skin.
Avoid Hormonal Triggers: Explore alternative birth control methods with your provider or doctor if you believe hormonal contraceptives are linked to your melasma.
Antioxidants: Antioxidants like vitamin C in your skincare regimen can help protect your skin.
Regular Dermatology Visits: Regular check-ups with a dermatology provider can help manage melasma and prevent it from worsening.

Living with Melasma

Living with melasma can be challenging, especially if it affects your self-esteem. Here are some strategies to manage it daily:

Camouflage Makeup: Use makeup designed to cover the discoloration. Many brands offer products that provide excellent coverage that look natural.
Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain a healthy diet and manage stress, as overall wellness can impact skin health.
Support Groups: Support groups or online communities can provide emotional support and practical advice from others who can relate to what you’re going through.

Conclusion

Melasma is a manageable skin condition. By understanding its causes, appropriate treatments, and sticking with preventive measures, clearer skin is possible. Establish care with a dermatology provider to create a personalized treatment plan. Patience and consistency are key in managing melasma effectively.